Main message:
Without the current import regulations there would be a very high probability of introduction of Phytophthora fragariae through the import of non-certified strawberry plants. Import of certified strawberry plants would result in a low probability for introduction.
These are two of the conclusions in a risk assessment of the red core disease of strawberry plants made by the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM). The risk assessment was commissioned by the Norwegian Food Safety Authority (Mattilsynet).
The red core disease of strawberry plants is caused by the oomycete Phytohthora fragariae Hickman. The oomycete infects the roots of the strawberry plants and reduces growth and crop yield. The pathogen is spread mainly by strawberry plants, but also by other pathways like water or soil.
When the disease is present it is difficult to get rid of, because P. fragariae can survive in soil without host plants for a long period of time (at least 12 years).
P. fragariae is a quarantine pest forbidden to introduce and spread in Norway. It is present in certain areas in Norway. In order to limit introduction and spread of the pathogen, import of strawberry plants is prohibited, plants to be traded must be tested and found to be free from the pathogen, and places of production where the pathogen has been detected are under strict regulations.
Mattilsynet considers a revision of the phytosanitary measures and priorities related to red core risk management. Mattilsynet has therefore asked VKM to do a risk assessment of the red core disease, especially focusing on the probability of spread through different pathways.
This risk assessment has been performed by VKM’s Panel on plant health. The assessment is based on an evaluation of available scientific documentation and data.
VKM’s Panel on plant health gives the following main conclusions:
An ad hoc-group consisting of both VKM members and external experts was appointed by the Panel on plant health to prepared a draft for final preparation by the panel. The members of the working group are acknowledged for their valuable contribution. The members of the ad hoc-group were: Leif Sundheim (chair and VKM member), Arild Sletten (VKM member), Trond Rafoss (VKM member) og Arne Stensvand (external expert, Bioforsk).
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Responsible editor: Ingrid M. Høie